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js基礎:JavaScript實現功能全集
admin
2010年8月18日 10:25 本文熱度 3862
有些時候你精通一門語言，但是會發現你其實整天在和其它語言打交道，也許你以為這些微不足道，不至于影響你的開發進度，但恰恰是這些你不重視的東西會浪費你很多時間，我一直以為我早在幾年前就已經精通JavaScript了，直到目前，我才越來越覺得JavaScript遠比我想象的復雜和強大，我開始崇拜它，就像崇拜所有OOP語言一樣～
趁著節日的空隙，把有關JavaScript的方法和技巧整理下，讓每個在為JavaScript而煩惱的人明白，JavaScript就這么回事！并希望JavaScript還可以成為你的朋友，讓你豁然開朗，在項目中更好的應用～
適合閱讀范圍：對JavaScript一無所知～離精通只差一步之遙的人

JavaScript就這么回事1：基礎知識

1 創建腳本塊

<script language="JavaScript">
JavaScript code goes here
</script>


2 隱藏腳本代碼

<script language="JavaScript">
<!--
document.write("Hello");
// -->
</script>


3 在不支持JavaScript的瀏覽器中將不執行相關代碼,瀏覽器不支持的時候顯示

<noscript>
Hello to the non-JavaScript browser.
</noscript>


4 鏈接外部腳本文件

<script language="JavaScript" src="/filename.js"></script>


5 注釋腳本

// This is a comment
document.write("Hello"); // This is a comment
/*
All of this
is a comment
*/


6 輸出到瀏覽器

document.write("<strong>Hello</strong>");


7 定義變量

var myVariable = "some value";


8 字符串相加

var myString = "String1" + "String2";


9 字符串搜索

<script language="JavaScript">
<!--
var myVariable = "Hello there";
var therePlace = myVariable.search("there");
document.write(therePlace);
// -->
</script>


10 字符串替換

thisVar.replace("Monday","Friday");


11 格式化字串

<script language="JavaScript">
<!--
var myVariable = "Hello there";
document.write(myVariable.big() + "<br>");
document.write(myVariable.blink() + "<br>");
document.write(myVariable.bold() + "<br>");
document.write(myVariable.fixed() + "<br>");
document.write(myVariable.fontcolor("red") + "<br>");
document.write(myVariable.fontsize("18pt") + "<br>");
document.write(myVariable.italics() + "<br>");
document.write(myVariable.small() + "<br>");
document.write(myVariable.strike() + "<br>");
document.write(myVariable.sub() + "<br>");
document.write(myVariable.sup() + "<br>");
document.write(myVariable.toLowerCase() + "<br>");
document.write(myVariable.toUpperCase() + "<br>");

var firstString = "My String";
var finalString = firstString.bold().toLowerCase().fontcolor("red");
// -->
</script>


12 創建數組

<script language="JavaScript">
<!--
var myArray = new Array(4);
myArray[0] = "First Entry";
myArray[1] = "Second Entry";
myArray[2] = "Third Entry";
myArray[3] = "Fourth Entry";
var anotherArray = new Array("First Entry","Second Entry","Third Entry","Fourth Entry");
// -->
</script>

13 數組排序

<script language="JavaScript">
<!--
var myArray = new Array(4);
myArray[0] = "z";
myArray[1] = "c";
myArray[2] = "d";
myArray[3] = "a";
document.write(myArray.sort());
// -->
</script>


14 分割字符串

<script language="JavaScript">
<!--
var myVariable = "a,b,c,d";
var stringArray = myVariable.split(",");
document.write(stringArray[0]);
document.write(stringArray[1]);
document.write(stringArray[2]);
document.write(stringArray[3]);
// -->
</script>


15 彈出警告信息

<script language="JavaScript">
<!--
window.alert("Hello");
// -->
</script>

 

16 彈出確認框

<script language="JavaScript">
<!--
var result = window.confirm("Click OK to continue");
// -->
</script>


17 定義函數

<script language="JavaScript">
<!--
function multiple(number1,number2) {
var result = number1 * number2;
return result;
}
// -->
</script>


18 調用JS函數

<a href="#" onClick="functionName()">Link text</a>
<a href="javascript:functionName()">Link text</a>


19 在頁面加載完成后執行函數

<body onLoad="functionName();">
Body of the page
</body>


20 條件判斷

<script>
<!--
var userChoice = window.confirm("Choose OK or Cancel");
var result = (userChoice == true) ? "OK" : "Cancel";
document.write(result);
// -->
</script>


21 指定次數循環

<script>
<!--
var myArray = new Array(3);
myArray[0] = "Item 0";
myArray[1] = "Item 1";
myArray[2] = "Item 2";
for (i = 0; i < myArray.length; i++) {
document.write(myArray + "<br>");
}
// -->
</script>


22 設定將來執行,延時5秒

<script>
<!--
function hello() {
window.alert("Hello");
}
window.setTimeout("hello()",5000);
// -->
</script>


23 定時執行函數

<script>
<!--
function hello() {
window.alert("Hello");
window.setTimeout("hello()",5000);
}
hello();
// -->
</script>


24 取消定時執行

<script>
<!--
function hello() {
window.alert("Hello");
}
var myTimeout = window.setTimeout("hello()",5000);
window.clearTimeout(myTimeout);
// -->
</script>


25 在頁面卸載時候執行函數

<body onUnload="functionName();">
Body of the page
</body>

avaScript就這么回事2：瀏覽器輸出

26 訪問document對象

<script language="JavaScript">
var myURL = document.URL;
window.alert(myURL);
</script>


27 動態輸出HTML

<script language="JavaScript">
document.write("<p>Here's some information about this document:</p>");
document.write("<ul>");
document.write("<li>Referring Document: " + document.referrer + "</li>");
document.write("<li>Domain: " + document.domain + "</li>");
document.write("<li>URL: " + document.URL + "</li>");
document.write("</ul>");
</script>


28 輸出換行

document.writeln("<strong>a</strong>");
document.writeln("b");


29 輸出日期

<script language="JavaScript">
var thisDate = new Date();
document.write(thisDate.toString());
</script>


30 指定日期的時區

<script language="JavaScript">
var myOffset = -2;
var currentDate = new Date();
var userOffset = currentDate.getTimezoneOffset()/60;
var timeZoneDifference = userOffset - myOffset;
currentDate.setHours(currentDate.getHours() + timeZoneDifference);
document.write("The time and date in Central Europe is: " + currentDate.toLocaleString());
</script>


31 設置日期輸出格式

<script language="JavaScript">
var thisDate = new Date();
var thisTimeString = thisDate.getHours() + ":" + thisDate.getMinutes();
var thisDateString = thisDate.getFullYear() + "/" + thisDate.getMonth() + "/" + thisDate.getDate();
document.write(thisTimeString + " on " + thisDateString);
</script>


32 讀取URL參數，你還以為HTML是無狀態的么？

<script language="JavaScript">
var urlParts = document.URL.split("?");
var parameterParts = urlParts[1].split("&");
for (i = 0; i < parameterParts.length; i++) {
var pairParts = parameterParts.split("=");
var pairName = pairParts[0];
var pairValue = pairParts[1];
document.write(pairName + " ：" +pairValue );
}
</script>


33 打開一個新的document對象

<script language="JavaScript">
function newDocument() {
document.open();
document.write("<p>This is a New Document.</p>");
document.close();
}
</script>


34 頁面跳轉

<script language="JavaScript">
window.location = "</script>


35 添加網頁加載進度窗口

<html>
<head>
<script language='javaScript'>
var placeHolder = window.open('holder.html','placeholder','width=200,height=200');
</script>
<title>The Main Page</title>
</head>
<body onLoad='placeHolder.close()'>
<p>This is the main page</p>
</body>
</html>

avaScript就這么回事3：圖像

36 讀取圖像屬性

<img src="/"image1.jpg"" name="myImage">
<a href="#" onClick="window.alert(document.myImage.width)">Width</a>


37 動態加載圖像

<script language="JavaScript">
myImage = new Image;
myImage.src = "Tellers1.jpg";
</script>


38 簡單的圖像替換

<script language="JavaScript">
rollImage = new Image;
rollImage.src = "rollImage1.jpg";
defaultImage = new Image;
defaultImage.src = "image1.jpg";
</script>
<a href="/"myUrl"" onMouseOver="document.myImage.src = rollImage.src;"
onMouseOut="document.myImage.src = defaultImage.src;">
<img src="/"image1.jpg"" name="myImage" width=100 height=100 border=0>


39 隨機顯示圖像

<script language="JavaScript">
var imageList = new Array;
imageList[0] = "image1.jpg";
imageList[1] = "image2.jpg";
imageList[2] = "image3.jpg";
imageList[3] = "image4.jpg";
var imageChoice = Math.floor(Math.random() * imageList.length);
document.write(‘<img src="’ + imageList[imageChoice] + ‘">’);
</script>


40 函數實現的圖像替換

<script language="JavaScript">
var source = 0;
var replacement = 1;
function createRollOver(originalImage,replacementImage) {
var imageArray = new Array;
imageArray[source] = new Image;
imageArray[source].src = originalImage;
imageArray[replacement] = new Image;
imageArray[replacement].src = replacementImage;
return imageArray;
}
var rollImage1 = createRollOver("image1.jpg","rollImage1.jpg");
</script>
<a href="#" onMouseOver="document.myImage1.src = rollImage1[replacement].src;"
onMouseOut="document.myImage1.src = rollImage1[source].src;">
<img src="/"image1.jpg"" width=100 name="myImage1" border=0>
</a>


41 創建幻燈片

<script language="JavaScript">
var imageList = new Array;
imageList[0] = new Image;
imageList[0].src = "image1.jpg";
imageList[1] = new Image;
imageList[1].src = "image2.jpg";
imageList[2] = new Image;
imageList[2].src = "image3.jpg";
imageList[3] = new Image;
imageList[3].src = "image4.jpg";
function slideShow(imageNumber) {
document.slideShow.src = imageList[imageNumber].src;
imageNumber += 1;
if (imageNumber < imageList.length) {
window.setTimeout("slideShow(" + imageNumber + ")",3000);
}
}
</script>
</head>
20: <body onLoad="slideShow(0)">
2<img src="/"image1.jpg"" width=100 name="slideShow">


42 隨機廣告圖片


43 表單構成

<form method="post" action="target.html" name="thisForm">
<input type="text" name="myText">
<select name="mySelect">
<option value="1">First Choice</option>
<option value="2">Second Choice</option>
</select>
<br>
<input type="submit" value="Submit Me">
</form>


44 訪問表單中的文本框內容

<form name="myForm">
<input type="text" name="myText">
</form>
<a href='#' onClick='window.alert(document.myForm.myText.value);'>Check Text Field</a>


45 動態復制文本框內容

<form name="myForm">
Enter some Text: <input type="text" name="myText"><br>
Copy Text: <input type="text" name="copyText">
</form>
<a href="#" onClick="document.myForm.copyText.value =
document.myForm.myText.value;">Copy Text Field</a>


46 偵測文本框的變化

<form name="myForm">
Enter some Text: <input type="text" name="myText" onChange="alert(this.value);">
</form>


47 訪問選中的Select

<form name="myForm">
<select name="mySelect">
<option value="First Choice">1</option>
<option value="Second Choice">2</option>
<option value="Third Choice">3</option>
</select>
</form>
<a href='#' onClick='alert(document.myForm.mySelect.value);'>Check Selection List</a>


48 動態增加Select項

<form name="myForm">
<select name="mySelect">
<option value="First Choice">1</option>
<option value="Second Choice">2</option>
</select>
</form>
<script language="JavaScript">
document.myForm.mySelect.length++;
document.myForm.mySelect.options[document.myForm.mySelect.length - 1].text = "3";
document.myForm.mySelect.options[document.myForm.mySelect.length - 1].value = "Third Choice";
</script>


49 驗證表單字段

<script language="JavaScript">
function checkField(field) {
if (field.value == "") {
window.alert("You must enter a value in the field");
field.focus();
}
}
</script>
<form name="myForm" action="target.html">
Text Field: <input type="text" name="myField"onBlur="checkField(this)">
<br><input type="submit">
</form>


50 驗證Select項

function checkList(selection) {
if (selection.length == 0) {
window.alert("You must make a selection from the list.");
return false;
}
return true;
}


51 動態改變表單的action

<form name="myForm" action="login.html">
Username: <input type="text" name="username"><br>
Password: <input type="password" name="password"><br>
<input type="button" value="Login" onClick="this.form.submit();">
<input type="button" value="Register" onClick="this.form.action = ‘register.html’; this.form.submit();">
<input type="button" value="Retrieve Password" onClick="this.form.action = ‘password.html’; this.form.submit();">
</form>


52 使用圖像按鈕

<form name="myForm" action="login.html">
Username: <input type="text" name="username"><br>
Password: <input type="password"name="password"><br>
<input type="image" src="/"login.gif"" value="Login">
</form>


53 表單數據的加密

<SCRIPT LANGUAGE='JavaScript'>
<!--
function encrypt(item) {
var newItem = '';
for (i=0; i < item.length; i++) {
newItem += item.charCodeAt(i) + '.';
}
return newItem;
}
function encryptForm(myForm) {
for (i=0; i < myForm.elements.length; i++) {
myForm.elements.value = encrypt(myForm.elements.value);
}
}
//-->
</SCRIPT>
<form name='myForm' onSubmit='encryptForm(this); window.alert(this.myField.value);'>
Enter Some Text: <input type=text name=myField><input type=submit>
20: </form>
JavaScript就這么回事5：窗口和框架

54 改變瀏覽器狀態欄文字提示

<script language="JavaScript">
window.status = "A new status message";
</script>


55 彈出確認提示框

<script language="JavaScript">
var userChoice = window.confirm("Click OK or Cancel");
if (userChoice) {
document.write("You chose OK");
} else {
document.write("You chose Cancel");
}
</script>


56 提示輸入

<script language="JavaScript">
var userName = window.prompt("Please Enter Your Name","Enter Your Name Here");
document.write("Your Name is " + userName);
</script>


57 打開一個新窗口



58 設置新窗口的大小



59 設置新窗口的位置



60 是否顯示工具欄和滾動欄

<script language="JavaScript">
window.open("http:


61 是否可以縮放新窗口的大小

<script language="JavaScript">
window.open('http://www.liu21st.com/' , 'myNewWindow', 'resizable=yes' );</script>


62 加載一個新的文檔到當前窗口

<a href='#' onClick='document.location = '125a.html';' >Open New Document</a>


63 設置頁面的滾動位置

<script language="JavaScript">
if (document.all) { //如果是IE瀏覽器則使用scrollTop屬性
document.body.scrollTop = 200;
} else { //如果是NetScape瀏覽器則使用pageYOffset屬性
window.pageYOffset = 200;
}</script>


64 在IE中打開全屏窗口

<a href='#' onClick="window.open('http://www.juxta.com/','newWindow','fullScreen=yes');">Open a full-screen window</a>


65 新窗口和父窗口的操作

<script language="JavaScript">
//定義新窗口
var newWindow = window.open("128a.html","newWindow");
newWindow.close(); //在父窗口中關閉打開的新窗口
</script>
在新窗口中關閉父窗口
window.opener.close()


66 往新窗口中寫內容

<script language="JavaScript">
var newWindow = window.open("","newWindow");
newWindow.document.open();
newWindow.document.write("This is a new window");
newWIndow.document.close();
</script>


67 加載頁面到框架頁面

<frameset cols="50%,*">
<frame name="frame1" src="/"135a.html"">
<frame name="frame2" src="/"about:blank"">
</frameset>
在frame1中加載frame2中的頁面
parent.frame2.document.location = "135b.html";


68 在框架頁面之間共享腳本
如果在frame1中html文件中有個腳本

function doAlert() {
window.alert("Frame 1 is loaded");
}

那么在frame2中可以如此調用該方法

<body onLoad="parent.frame1.doAlert();">
This is frame 2.
</body>


69 數據公用
可以在框架頁面定義數據項，使得該數據可以被多個框架中的頁面公用

<script language="JavaScript">
var persistentVariable = "This is a persistent value";
</script>
<frameset cols="50%,*">
<frame name="frame1" src="/"138a.html"">
<frame name="frame2" src="/"138b.html"">
</frameset>


這樣在frame1和frame2中都可以使用變量persistentVariable

70 框架代碼庫
根據以上的一些思路，我們可以使用一個隱藏的框架頁面來作為整個框架集的代碼庫

<frameset cols="0,50%,*">
<frame name="codeFrame" src="/"140code.html"">
<frame name="frame1" src="/"140a.html"">
<frame name="frame2" src="/"140b.html"">
</frameset>

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